The Corpus Luteum

What happens after ovulation?

What is the corpus luteum?

LHLuteinising hormone: responsible for the final maturation of the follicle and ovulation. ensures dominant follicleSmall secretory or excretory cavity. Ovarian follicles grow until ovulation or female gamete emission. maturation and provokes its ovulationExpulsion of an ovum from the ovary in female animals..

Following ovulationExpulsion of an ovum from the ovary in female animals., LHLuteinising hormone: responsible for the final maturation of the follicle and ovulation. ensures the transformation of the thecaOuter membrane of the ovarian follicle, divided into two layers: an external fibrous layer (tunica externa) and an internal cellular vascular layer (tunica interna). interna and the granulosaInner membrane of the ovarian follicle. 10% of it is formed by large cells called luteal cells. cells of the follicleSmall secretory or excretory cavity. Ovarian follicles grow until ovulation or female gamete emission. into a corpus luteumOrganelle formed after ovulation of a dominant follicle. Its thick wall is formed from progesterone-secreting cells. It is the sign of the cyclical activity being maintained in the event of pregnancy..

The luteal cells ensure the production of progesteroneSteroid hormone secreted by the corpus luteum of the ovary which has the property of making the endometrium suitable for implantation, maintenance and development of the fertilized egg. (Progesterone also results in multiple activities for the endometrium, myometrium, cervix, vagina and udder.). It inhibits GnRH secretion by feedback action on the pituitary..

The corpus luteumOrganelle formed after ovulation of a dominant follicle. Its thick wall is formed from progesterone-secreting cells. It is the sign of the cyclical activity being maintained in the event of pregnancy. is made up of two types of cells: small and large.

At the beginning of the luteal phase, they produce progesteroneSteroid hormone secreted by the corpus luteum of the ovary which has the property of making the endometrium suitable for implantation, maintenance and development of the fertilized egg. (Progesterone also results in multiple activities for the endometrium, myometrium, cervix, vagina and udder.). It inhibits GnRH secretion by feedback action on the pituitary. and only the small cells continue to produce it at the end of the phase.
The copus luteum then undergoes regression in a process known as luteolisis.

Progesterone has a negative feedback effect on GnRH production.

ProgesteroneSteroid hormone secreted by the corpus luteum of the ovary which has the property of making the endometrium suitable for implantation, maintenance and development of the fertilized egg. (Progesterone also results in multiple activities for the endometrium, myometrium, cervix, vagina and udder.). It inhibits GnRH secretion by feedback action on the pituitary. has a negative feedback effect on GnRHGonadotropin Releasing Hormone is secreted by the hypothalamus causing the release of FSH and LH. production.

Appearance of oxytocin receptors in the uterus

During the luteal phase, oestradiolSteroid hormone (derived from sterols, polycyclic alcohols complex) mainly secreted by the female ovary. Its increase is involved with ovulation. from the follicles leads to the appearance of oxytocinPolypeptide hormone (consisting of a chain of amino acids) synthesized by the hypothalamus and secreted and stored by the posterior pituitary gland. Its function is to stimulate uterine muscle contraction and promote breastfeeding. receptors in the uterusGenital organ of female mammals, located between the fallopian tubes and the vagina, which hosts the fertilised egg until its full development takes place and it is expelled at the end of gestation..

Luteal cells synthesise oxytocin which eventually causes luteolisis

The large luteal cells begin to synthesise oxytocinPolypeptide hormone (consisting of a chain of amino acids) synthesized by the hypothalamus and secreted and stored by the posterior pituitary gland. Its function is to stimulate uterine muscle contraction and promote breastfeeding., which fixes itself onto the uterine receptors, causing the production and release of prostaglandinSubstance derived from a fatty acid, present in many body tissues and involved in numerous biological processes (contraction of the uterus, inflammation, blood clotting, etc.). by the uterusGenital organ of female mammals, located between the fallopian tubes and the vagina, which hosts the fertilised egg until its full development takes place and it is expelled at the end of gestation. which causes luteolysisRapid degeneration of the corpus luteum in the late luteal phase under the action of prostaglandins F2alpha secreted by the uterus when fertilisation does not occur..

What is the function of PGF2α in ruminants?

Bovine sexual activity is dominated by the action of prostaglandinSubstance derived from a fatty acid, present in many body tissues and involved in numerous biological processes (contraction of the uterus, inflammation, blood clotting, etc.). F2α (PGF2a) which breaks down the corpus luteumOrganelle formed after ovulation of a dominant follicle. Its thick wall is formed from progesterone-secreting cells. It is the sign of the cyclical activity being maintained in the event of pregnancy..

A new cycle cannot start unless the corpus luteumOrganelle formed after ovulation of a dominant follicle. Its thick wall is formed from progesterone-secreting cells. It is the sign of the cyclical activity being maintained in the event of pregnancy. from the previous cycle is no longer functional.
Conversely, if the corpus luteumOrganelle formed after ovulation of a dominant follicle. Its thick wall is formed from progesterone-secreting cells. It is the sign of the cyclical activity being maintained in the event of pregnancy. continues to function, this causes the oestrous cycle to stop.
At the end of pregnancy, triggering of calvingGiving birth to a calf. depends upon prior breakdown of the corpus luteumOrganelle formed after ovulation of a dominant follicle. Its thick wall is formed from progesterone-secreting cells. It is the sign of the cyclical activity being maintained in the event of pregnancy..

Uterine origin of PGF2α

Uterine origin of PGF2α

ProstaglandinSubstance derived from a fatty acid, present in many body tissues and involved in numerous biological processes (contraction of the uterus, inflammation, blood clotting, etc.). F2α is synthesised within the uterusGenital organ of female mammals, located between the fallopian tubes and the vagina, which hosts the fertilised egg until its full development takes place and it is expelled at the end of gestation. of ruminants. Supported by the following:

ProstaglandinSubstance derived from a fatty acid, present in many body tissues and involved in numerous biological processes (contraction of the uterus, inflammation, blood clotting, etc.). F2α is found in greater levels in the uterusGenital organ of female mammals, located between the fallopian tubes and the vagina, which hosts the fertilised egg until its full development takes place and it is expelled at the end of gestation. and uterine veins at the time of luteolysisRapid degeneration of the corpus luteum in the late luteal phase under the action of prostaglandins F2alpha secreted by the uterus when fertilisation does not occur..
It is transported from the endometrium into the ovaryFemale reproductive glands, located symmetrically on either side of the uterus, which produce the female gametes. without passing through general circulatory terminals.
When administered in different ways (intravenous, intramuscular or intrauterine) it has luteolytic effect onto the corpus luteumOrganelle formed after ovulation of a dominant follicle. Its thick wall is formed from progesterone-secreting cells. It is the sign of the cyclical activity being maintained in the event of pregnancy. of the ovaryFemale reproductive glands, located symmetrically on either side of the uterus, which produce the female gametes..